vb.net下载(使用VB.NET下载文件的方法详解)
1. 前言:
在网络上,下载是我们最常见的*作之一,VB.NET作为一种优秀的编程语言,其自带的下载API可以帮助开发人员更快捷地实现下载功能。从功能实现的角度考虑,下载任务的实现为了更好地方便用户,我们应该设计在能够自动下载的前提下,还应该使用户有更多的*作空间,比如暂停下载、取消下载、查看下载进度等功能。本文将通过多个案例来详细介绍如何使用VB.NET实现下载功能。
2. 开始使用VB.NET下载文件:
VB.NET内置下载API可以帮助我们轻松地实现下载任务,直接使用内置API即可实现下载任务,仅需要一行代码。
My.Computer.Network.DownloadFile(\"http://www.example.com/file.txt\", \"C:\\file.txt\")
上述示例代码实现的是从指定URL地址下载文件并保存至本地磁盘上,其中参数一为下载路径,参数二为本地保存路径。我们可以在下载的过程中,通过控制台输出一些信息以方便用户查看下载进度等信息。
3. 下载任务暂停:
在下载过程中,有些用户希望可以暂停下载任务而不是直接终止下载。为了更好地实现这个需求,我们需要创建一个类以便于维护下载任务状态,以下是示例代码:
Public Class DownloadState Public Property IsPaused As Boolean Public Property Cancel As Boolean End Class
在下载任务中,我们需要通过不断轮询检测上述DownloadState对象,直到下载任务完成或用户取消。
4. 下载任务取消:
为了维护下载任务状态,我们同样需要创建一个类维护下载任务状态,以下是示例代码:
Public Class DownloadState Public Property IsPaused As Boolean Public Property Cancel As Boolean End Class
在下载任务中,我们需要通过不断轮询检测上述DownloadState对象,直到下载任务完成或用户取消。
5. 下载进度的显示:
有些用户希望在下载过程中可以及时查看当前下载进度,并进行相应的*作。我们可以使用ProgressBar控件来实现下载进度的实时显示,以下是示例代码:
Private Sub btnStartDownload_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles btnStartDownload.Click Dim Url As New Uri(txtUrl.Text) Dim FileName As String = Path.GetFileName(Url.LocalPath) Dim FilePath As String = Path.Combine(txtDownloadDirectory.Text, FileName) If Not Directory.Exists(Path.GetDirectoryName(FilePath)) Then MessageBox.Show(\"Invalid directory path!\") Return End If Dim DownloadState As New DownloadState AddHandler m_DownloadProgressChanged, AddressOf OnDownloadProgressChanged AddHandler m_DownloadFileCompleted, AddressOf OnDownloadFileCompleted Task.Factory.StartNew(Sub() My.Computer.Network.DownloadFile(txtUrl.Text, txtDownloadDirectory.Text) End Sub) btnStartDownload.Enabled = False btnPauseDownload.Enabled = True btnCancelDownload.Enabled = True End Sub Private Sub OnDownloadProgressChanged(sender As Object, e As DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs) pbDownloadProgress.Value = e.ProgressPercentage End Sub Private Sub OnDownloadFileCompleted(sender As Object, e As AsyncCompletedEventArgs) btnStartDownload.Enabled = True btnPauseDownload.Enabled = False btnCancelDownload.Enabled = False RemoveHandler m_DownloadProgressChanged, AddressOf OnDownloadProgressChanged RemoveHandler m_DownloadFileCompleted, AddressOf OnDownloadFileCompleted End Sub
6. 下载速度的控制:
有些用户希望可以控制下载速度,以便于更好地掌控网络流量。我们可以使用Thread.Sleep方法实现下载速度的控制,以下是示例代码:
Private Sub btnStartDownload_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles btnStartDownload.Click Dim Url As New Uri(txtUrl.Text) Dim FileName As String = Path.GetFileName(Url.LocalPath) Dim FilePath As String = Path.Combine(txtDownloadDirectory.Text, FileName) If Not Directory.Exists(Path.GetDirectoryName(FilePath)) Then MessageBox.Show(\"Invalid directory path!\") Return End If Dim DownloadState As New DownloadState AddHandler m_DownloadProgressChanged, AddressOf OnDownloadProgressChanged AddHandler m_DownloadFileCompleted, AddressOf OnDownloadFileCompleted Task.Factory.StartNew(Sub() Using client As New WebClient Using stream As New FileStream(FilePath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None) Using download As Stream = client.OpenRead(txtUrl.Text) Dim buffer As Byte() = New Byte(1023) {} Dim read As Integer = 0 Dim readPercentage As Integer = 0 While (read = download.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0 AndAlso Not DownloadState.Cancel readPercentage += read stream.Write(buffer, 0, read) DownloadState.IsPaused = True While DownloadState.IsPaused Thread.Sleep(500) End While If DownloadState.Cancel Then Exit While End If Dim percentage As Integer = CInt((CDbl(readPercentage) / CDbl(download.Length)) * 100) pbDownloadProgress.Invoke(Sub() pbDownloadProgress.Value = percentage) lblCurrentProgress.Invoke(Sub() lblCurrentProgress.Text = String.Format(\"Downloaded {0} of {1} ({2}%)\", HumanReadableFileSize(readPercentage), HumanReadableFileSize(download.Length), percentage)) End While End Using End Using End Using End Sub) btnStartDownload.Enabled = False btnPauseDownload.Enabled = True btnCancelDownload.Enabled = True End Sub
上述代码中,我们使用WebClient对象结合Stream对象手动实现了下载任务,并通过Thread.Sleep方法控制了下载速度。通过任务管理器我们可以看到,下载任务并没有对系统资源造成过载现象,任务运行平稳。
结论:
通过VB.NET的下载API我们能够轻松地实现下载任务,并且在实现过程中掌握了很多优秀的编程技巧。当然,在实际的开发过程中,我们还需要不断地完善细节,以让用户有更好的体验。
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